126–49 Merriam-Webster, on the other hand, calls the usage "entirely standard", and notes that it has been used since the early 18th century, having been commonly used in American English since the 1930s, and gained significant popularity in the 1960s. Stanley Whitley, " Hopefully: A Shibboleth in the English Adverb System", American Speech, (58) 2 (Summer 1983), pp.
“” in ''The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition'', Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Unlike for many such shifts in meaning that occur in English, the portion of the American Heritage Dictionary's Usage Panel that condones the second sense of the word has decreased from 1969 to 2000, offering the explanation that this particular usage has become a shibboleth. Many adverbs are used as sentence modifiers with somewhat less frequent objection such as interestingly, frankly, clearly, luckily, and unfortunately.
The second definition (“I hope that”, used as a sentence adverb) has been criticized by some usage writers although it is by far the most commonly used sense of the word.
0 kommentar(er)
